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Home > Learn about kidney disease > Hypertensive Nephropathy

Hypertensive Nephropathy

Why high blood pressure causes HN? According to the causes, history, clinical manifestation and the laboratory tests of patients, make a definite diagnosis of HN.

Basic

HN(Hypertensive Nephropathy) is a secondary disease that caused by high blood pressure.
What is HN?
HN is a kind of benign or malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis caused by primary hypertension,accompanying with hypertensive kidney disease accordingly.The disease often appears in the age of 40-60 years or older,with the high blood pressure history being 5-10 years or more.What's more,the morbidity in male is higher than in female.
Why high blood pressure causes HN?
Kidneys can be used to filtrate the toxin and prevent the leakage of protein,hemocyte. Firstly,the high blood pressure will increase the blood pressure in blood vesselm,causing the leakage of protein.The leakage of protein will damage the renal filtration system and lead to the vicious circle.
Secondary,the long-term high blood pressure causes the decline of renal blood flow,which leads to renal hypoxia-ischemia and damages the kidneys.
Thirdly,high blood pressure makes the adherence on vascular wall be easier than before,making the kidneys are infected easily.
Besides,the hyperfiltration and hypertransfusion of kidneys increase the burden and damage the kidneys.
The long-term damage on kidneys will be difficult to reverse and the compensatory renal increase will appears.What's worse,renal failure may occurs in advance.
Diagnosis
According to the causes,history,clinical manifestation and the laboratory tests of patients,make a definite diagnosis of HN.
Prognosis
Generally speaking,the prognosis of hypertensive nephropathy(HN) is not well.The long-term and severe high blood pressure causes the spasm and sclerosis of renal arterioles,accelerating the Glomerular capillary sclerosis and the damage on nephron.The deterioration of renal function is more obvious.What's worse,the high blood pressure will lead to serious complications,which may increase the death rate of HN.

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Symptoms

HN is caused by high blood pressure,belonging to the secondary disease.HN often occurs in age more than 40-50 years and the history of high blood pressure is more than 5-10 years.The disease is progressing slowly.There are several symptoms that can help people to prevent the disease.
In early stage
1.Increased nocturnal enuresis
Owing to the long-term high blood pressure,the reabsorption function of kidney tubules is damaged and the concentrating function is reduced,which cause the increased nocturnal enuresis.
2.Microalbuminuria
The damaged renal tubules can not reabsorb the protein,glucose,water and so on in urine,causing the leakage of trace amounts of protein.As the disease get worse,massive proteinuria may occurs.
3.Transient macroscopic or microscopic hematuria
The arteriolar nephrosclerosis may lead to the rupture of renal blood capillary,causing the bleeding.
The heavy stage
In heavy stage,the symptoms are more obvious and serious than before.What's more,some patients condition even deteriorate into ESRD or renal failure.
1.Severe edema.
Edema usually is the first symptom,with the general marked edema.Severe edema often accompanies with oliguria,high blood pressure and mild azotemia
2.The leakage of massive proteinuria
The leakage of massive proteinuria signifies that the damage is related to glomerulus.The glomerulus has been unable to continue to work normally,which causes the leakage of lots of protein.
3.Hypoproteinemia
Hypoproteinemia is caused by the leakage of massive proteinuria.It will influence the immunity and reduce the resistance.
4.HLP(Hyperlipemia)
The damage on kidneys affects patients liver function,which causes the increased cholesterol,triglyceride and lipoprotein.Hyperlipemia may lead to the serious disease that increases the risk of patients suffering from other complications.

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Diet

HN is mainly caused by high blood pressure,which signifies patients with HN should pay more attention to their daily diet to avoid worsening the high blood pressure.High blood pressure increases the risk of complications,so controlling the high blood pressure is necessary to reduce the probability of exacerbation.
For general patients with high blood pressure,salt restriction may can make blood pressure be normal.For the severe patients,the limit of salt not only can improve the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs,but can reduce the dose of antihypertensive drugs,which can decrease the side-affects and the cost of it.In addition,the less intake of salt can ease the symptoms of edema.
The intake of protein should also be controlled.High-quality protein is better to be given to patients,which can improve the patients condition and increase the protein in patients body.The vegetable protein should be limited to patients.
Besides protein,the patients with HN should eat less sweetmeat and fat.The high sugar in sweetmeat and the fat will promote the arteriosclerosis and worsen the HN.
Some vegetables and fruits are beneficial to patients condition.The food rich in arteriosclerosis can relieve the function of sodium,reducing the risk of edema,which is suitable to normal kidneys.The high fiber in vegetables and fruits can decrease the danger of constipation.High-calcium and less-sodium food can control and reduce the high blood pressure effectively.
What's more,the spicy food also needs to be limited to take.The spicy food may increase the renal burden and worsen the disease condition.It is not good for patients'renal repair.
Give up smoking and drinking.The intake of alcohol and tobacco may increase the renal burden even causing the damage on kidneys,heart,and brain. Do not eat unclean food and overeating.

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Treatments

HN is mainly caused by high blood pressure,so depressurization plays an very important role in controlling the protopathy.
To decrease the blood pressure,Western Medicine plays an important role in this side.Such as diuretic,Beta blockers,ACEI,Calcium antagonists,etc.They are all used to control and decrease the high blood pressure,especially ACEI.ACEI is better than other medicine in reducing urine protein which has less side-affects and can control the blood pressure efficiently.Also it can prevent,stabilize and delay the continuous damage on kidneys.In addition,the renal transplation and dialysis can help patients keep or improve the patients condition or lives,However,these treatments both have or light or heavy side-affects,which may worsen the disease condition even being deadly to patients.
Besides Western Medicine,Traditional Chinese Medicine offers several therapies to slove the renal disease.Micro-Chinese Medicine Osmotherapy,Immunotherapy and Blood Pollution Therapy are highly significant in treating the renal disease.They can control the disease and relieve the pain of patients effectively.What's more,these therapies can improve the patients condition and the life quality,and prolong the life-pan as far as possible.TCM has less side-affects than Western Medicine during the therapeutic process.
Except the necessary treatments,dietotherapy makes a huge effect on patients condition.It is useful to keep a low intake of salt and water,control the intake the protein and fat for patients to maintain their condition in early stage or mild hypertension,Besides,losing weight,limiting the salt or alcohol and taking proper exercise also makes a big difference on patients condition.What's more,optimistic mentality is of great help to renal repair of patients.
If you are diagnosed with HN or you think that the dialysis can not do more help to you or you feel hopeless about the renal transplation,you can contact online doctor to get what you want to know freely.

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Healthy Living

Healthy living is vital to patients health, so it is very important to form a healthy living habit. For patients with Hypertensive Nephropathy,if you want to form a healthy living habit, you should pay attention to the following tips.
1.Don't read for a long time: if you spend too much time in reading, it will increase the burden of your brain and induce Hypertension.
2.Don't get up immediately after you wake up: when you open your eyes in the morning, you'd better lie in bed for a while and stretch your body, that can help you to fit the change of gesture.
3.Keep fit diet: for breakfast,you should eat some slight flavor food such as a cup of milk or soymilk,an egg and a loaf of bread. For supper, you should not eat too much,if you can have some soup that will be great.
4.Exercise: stick to do morning exercise, but alway remember that do not do violence sports. Fit exercise can help you to strength your body,relieve strain on the artery.
5.Bath: bath water should warm. No matter hot water or cold water will irritate the skin and affect blood pressure.40℃ water is suit for bath,brush tooth and wash face.
6.Nap: take a nap at noon is helpful to our health, but the time should not too long. Half an hour to an hour is better.If you can have a walk before nap that will be better.
7.Travel: don't go to public palaces, if you have to,you'd better walk or take bike,avoid take bus or other public vehicles.
8.Limit salt intake: even your blood pressure is under control, you should pay attention to your food. Never eat too salt food which is harmful to your health.

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